![]() Therefore, Ra concocted a ruse whereby a plain was flooded with beer which had been dyed red, which Sekhmet mistook for blood and drank until she became too inebriated to continue killing, this saving humanity from destruction. Hathor appeared as the lion-goddess Sekhmet and carried out Ra's orders until she became so captured by her blood-lust that she would not stop despite Ra himself becoming distressed and wishing an end to the killing. Egyptian Sekhmet Īccording to an Ancient Egyptian myth, called The Deliverance of Mankind from Destruction, the ancient Egyptian supreme god, the Sun-god Ra, suspected that mankind was plotting against him, and so he sent the goddess Hathor, who was the incarnation of his violent feminine aspect, the Eye of Ra, to destroy his enemies. The sickle sword wielded by Kālī might also have been connected to similar sickle swords used in early dynastic Mesopotamia. The Hindu goddess Kālī similarly wore a necklace of severed heads and a girdle of severed hands, and was pacified by her consort, Śiva, throwing himself under her feet. The Bronze Age epic cycles of the Levantine city of ʾUgaritu include a myth according to which the warrior goddess ʿAnatu started attacking warriors, with the text of the myth describing the goddess as gloating and her heart filling with joy and her liver with laughter while attaching the heads of warriors to her back and girding hands to her waist until she is pacified by a message of peace sent by her brother and consort, the god Baʿlu. Kālī shares some characteristics with some ancient Near Eastern goddesses, such as drinking blood like the Egyptian goddess Sekhmet and wearing a necklace of heads and a belt of severed hands like the Levantine goddess ʿAnatu, and Kālī herself might have been influenced by ʿAnat and Sekhmet. Īccording to David Kinsley, Kāli is first mentioned in Hindu tradition as a distinct goddess around 600 AD, and these texts "usually place her on the periphery of Hindu society or on the battlefield." : 70 She is often regarded as the Shakti of Shiva, and is closely associated with him in various Puranas. Origins Īlthough the word Kālī appears as early as the Atharva Veda, the first use of it as a proper name is in the Kathaka Grhya Sutra (19.7). She is called Kali Mata ("the dark mother") and also kālī which can be read here either as a proper name or as a description "the dark or black one". The homonym kāla (appointed time) is distinct from kāla (black), but these became associated through popular etymology. Kālī is the feminine form of Kāla (an epithet of Shiva) and thus the consort of Shiva. She is also seen as the divine protector and the one who bestows moksha, or liberation. Shakta Hindu and Tantric sects additionally worship her as the ultimate reality or Brahman. ![]() Over time, Kali has been worshipped by devotional movements and Tàntric sects variously as the Divine Mother, Mother of the Universe, Principal energy Adi Shakti. The goddess is stated to destroy evil in order to defend the innocent. She is regarded as the ultimate manifestation of Shakti, the primordial cosmic energy, and the mother of all living beings. Kali's earliest appearance is when she emerged from Durga. ![]() She is the first of the ten Mahavidyas in the Hindu tantric tradition. In this tradition, she is considered as a ferocious form of goddess Adi Shakti, the supreme of all powers, or the ultimate reality. Kali ( / ˈ k ɑː l iː/ Sanskrit: काली, IAST: Kālī), also referred to as Mahakali, Bhadrakali, and Kalika ( Sanskrit: कालिका), is a Hindu goddess who is considered to be the goddess of ultimate power, time, destruction and change in Shaktism.
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